“dog” often ‘soweli tomo’ or ‘soweli’pona’ or ‘soweli wawa’ ‘soweli alasa’ works, too, though that is more clearly “hound”
“cat” ‘soweli pi linja uta’ is pretty standard for some reason (well, it’s cute)
“doctor” that but also ‘jan pi pona pakala’ and the like
“pizza” ‘pan sike loje’ and many more
“milk’ ‘telo mama’ is standard
“yogurt” probably just ‘ko pi telo mama’ (though that gets in sour cream, etc. too
“butter” probably the same with the different “milk”
“cow” ‘soweli (or ‘mani’) telo/moku’, plains are likely ‘supa’ and horns are just 'palisa lawa’
Good jobe; you are thinking the right way.